Cathodic Protection (CP) systems are essential to mitigate corrosion in buried pipelines; however, naturally occurring telluric currents induced by geomagnetic disturbances can significantly impact CP performance. This study presents an analysis of PSP fluctuations along an approximately 200 km section of Pipeline A traversing Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh during May 2025. SCADA-derived PSP data from eight CP stations (PS-A1, SV-A2, SV-A3, SV-A4, SV-A5, SV-A6, SV-A7, and PS-B1) were correlated with global geomagnetic indices (Dst, Kp) and integrated with soil resistivity survey results.

Three distinct telluric coupling regimes were identified: (1) uniform-soil zones exhibiting weak, smooth PSP responses, (2) moderate-resistivity lenses showing threshold-type PSP drops, and (3) high-contrast lens edges where PSP exhibited strong binary shifts during storms. SV-A5 and SV-A6, located near resistivity lens edges, displayed the sharpest responses with PSP variations exceeding ±0.8 V in association with geomagnetic activity. The analysis underscores the need for spatially aware monitoring and a dual-tier CP management strategy.